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E-Learning
in the
Indonesian
Education
System
Mohammad
Ali
Abstract
Education
in Indonesia
is facing
some
major
problems
related
to access
and
quality.
Only
about
half
of the
eligible
children
are
enrolled
in school
at the
junior
secondary
level
and
only
one-third
at the
senior
secondary
level.
Regarding
quality,
large
proportions
of students
fail
to meet
the
cutoff
scores
in various
subjects
at all
levels
in school
completion
examinations.
ICT
is viewed
as a
potential
contributor
to solutions
for
these
problems.
In
terms
of government
policy
for
ICT,
Telematika
which
refers
to the
utilization
of ICT
in various
sectors
and
aspects
of life,
was
established
based
on a
presidential
decree,
and
Telematika
Pendidikan
(utilization
of ICT
in education)
has
been
developed,
and
a five-year
action
plan
was
implemented
in the
years
2001
to 2005.
The
success
of Telematika
depends
on the
availability
of appropriate
infrastructure.
Currently,
Indonesia
has
8 million
Internet
users
(about
3% of
the
population);
other
statistics
show
that
the
ICT
infrastructure
is less
extensive
compared
with
neighboring
countries
such
as Singapore,
Malaysia,
and
Thailand.
In
addition,
Internet
access
costs
are
still
prohibitive
in Indonesia.
The
implementation
of e-learning
in Indonesian
education
can
be viewed
as a
supplement,
a complement,
or a
substitute
for
the
traditional
teaching-learning
process.
To date
some
subjects
of the
senior
secondary
school
and
vocational
school
curriculum
have
been
developed
in the
form
of e-learning
as a
substitute
for
face-to-face
instruction.
In the
near
future
this
will
be expanded
to some
subjects
of the
junior
secondary
school
curriculum.
At the
tertiary
education
level,
there
are
some
universities
that
have
implemented
e-learning,
especially
as a
supplement
for
their
regular
teaching-learning
process.
In regard
to extending
access
into
schools,
the
Ministry
of National
Education
has
been
piloting
Open
Senior
Secondary
School
in seven
districts
of six
provinces
by implementing
e-learning.
This
article
is based
on a
paper
presented
at Seminar-Workshop
on e-Learning:
The
Seventh
Programming
Cycle
of APEID
Activities,
30 August-6
September
2004
in Tokyo
and
Kyoto,
Japan
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